Amniocentesis is used to help diagnose chromosome abnormalities such as Down syndrome. It is also used to determine risks for open spina bifida in certain cases.
Amniotic fluid can also be used to test for other genetic conditions. This is offered only when a genetic counsellor and geneticist identify a risk for a genetic condition after obtaining a detailed family history.
Amniocentesis is a minimally invasive procedure which only takes approximately 10 ~20 minutes with a resting period of 30 minutes after.
It is usually done at 21 weeks from the last menstrual period. An ultrasound examination is done to identify the position of the placenta and the developing baby.
Using the ultrasound as a guide, an obstetrician inserts a fine needle through the abdominal wall and into the uterus. Approximately 15 ml (about a tablespoon) of amniotic fluid is withdrawn from the surroundings of the developing baby. The procedure lasts only a few minutes and cramping may occur.
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